Abstract: This study aims to explore the value co-creation mechanisms within the public data authorization and operation ecosystem. Drawing on information ecosystem theory and value co-creation theory, this study applied grounded theory to analyze 13 public data authorization and operation policies, identifying the key components of the public data authorization and operation ecosystem: data entities, data, and data environment. We then constructed a system dynamics model to simulate the evolution of value co-creation and data outcome application over a 12-month period. The simulation results show that after an initial slow growth phase, both indicators increased significantly after two months. Sensitivity analysis further revealed the positive impact of six key factors on value co-creation: diversity of stakeholders, data governance capabilities, user demand, technological environment, policy environment, and market environment, with the data entity subsystem exerting a particularly significant impact.

Key words: Public data authorization and operation, Ecosystem, Value co-creation, System dynamics, Grounded theory