Abstract: Strengthening basic research is the only way to become a powerful country in science and technology. The National Natural Science Foundation of China is one of the main channels for funding basic research, and its resource allocation optimization is an important guarantee to promote the high-quality development of basic research. In view of the unreasonable allocation of resources at the present stage, which may lead to low funding efficiency and hinder the sustainable development of basic research, this paper systematically investigates the funding layout and characteristics of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science as the most representative research funding agency in Japan, and compares the funding layout of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and the National Natural Science Foundation of China. The multi-dimensional fusion mapping of MAPE+DTW is used to analyze the commonality of the projects between the two agencies, and the mapping relationship between the projects of the two agencies is compared. Suggestions for further work are put forward, aiming to further improve the efficiency of the use of financial funds, improve the efficiency of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, and provide foreign practical experience and suggestions for optimizing the allocation of resources of the National Natural Science Foundation of China.

Key words: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Funding layout, Basic research, Science funding, Resource allocation