Abstract: This paper conducts an analysis of local government data element market policy texts in China, aiming to provide theoretical support for the design of China’s data infrastructure system at the policy aspect. The study utilizes policy instruments to construct a two-dimensional framework for analyzing data element market policies based on the four principles outlined in the "Data Twenty". A cross-analysis is performed on 116 locally published policy texts related to the data element market published from 2019 to 2024 in China, revealing their structural characteristics and proposing optimization paths. The research identifies that current data element market policies exhibit features such as excessive use of environmental policy instruments, imbalanced structure systems of policy instruments, uneven utilization of these instruments with respect to policy principles, lack of coordination among internal tool combinations, and inadequate supporting facilities. Consequently, recommendations are made to strengthen supply-push and demand-pull forces, emphasize data property rights and income distribution considerations, leverage precise guidance from policy principles, and enhance ecological system construction for effective application of these policies.

Key words: Digital economy, Data element market, Data element, Policy instruments, Text analysis