Abstract: The prevention and control of misinformation on social media represent pressing concerns in the library and information field. The main aim of this study is to systematically review the current related studies and provide references for future research ideas. Based on the Information Ecology Theory, we provide a conceptual framework composed of three elements: information, information person, and information environment. Under each element, we delineate the prevention and control of misinformation into three stages: prevention before spreading, interruption during spreading, and correction after spreading. It finds that most researches focus on misinformation interruption, while little progress has been made in misinformation prevention. Additionally, misinformation correction studies generally aim at the description of phenomena and the analysis of rules, but few discuss engineering methods and practical applications. Future work should aim to prevent information based on its hazard, reduce the negative impact of the misinformation interruption strategies, develop new correction strategies and also verify the effect of their combinations to combat misinformation spreading.

Key words: Misinformation prevention, Misinformation control, Information ecology, Disinformation, Fake news