Abstract: This paper builds a rapid prevention and control framework for risk judgment, decision support, and prevention and control improvement, as major public health emergencies are often constrained by time window. The framework follows the “cognition-prompt-response” mode. First, “data-process-ontology” drives the rapid judgment of cascading risks. Second, case-based reasoning is adopted to quickly support the decision-making of prevention and control plan. Third, prevention and control system resilience is rapidly built based on plan strengthening, collaboration optimizing, and fault-tolerant planning. The proposed framework is consistent with the working principle of rapid reaction and collaborative response in emergency management. It is conducive to improving the emergency capability to major public health emergencies.

Key words: Major public health emergency, Rapid prevention and control, Scenario-driven, “Physical-information-psychological” space, Framework design