关键词: 数据治理, 算法治理, 人工智能, 算法安全, 欧盟, 数字技术, 技术主权

Abstract: Research on the structure and characteristics of data and algorithm security governance in typical global regions will provide a reference for data and algorithm security governance in China. The paper takes data and algorithm security as the governance object to investigate EU’s realization of the governance goal on digital sovereignty and technological sovereignty. In terms of governance content, the framework of the EU data and algorithm security governance with the core of the General Data Protection Regulations (GDPR) consists of four parts: privacy and data protection, data flow security, platform algorithm security, and artificial intelligence ethics. In terms of governance subjects, with the European Data Protection Regulatory Authority and other institutions as the core, a multi-party collaborative governance subject integrating "legislation-enforcement-service" is formed. The EU data and algorithm security governance has the typical characteristics of emphasizing personal privacy data security, establishing cross-border data flow security rules, forming a collaborative security governance model for algorithm nested data, and a human-centered AI ethics and governance. Based on the characteristics of data and algorithm security governance in the European Union, three suggestions are proposed for the current situation of data and algorithm security governance in China: to improve the collaborative governance mechanism of data and algorithm security, to establish a data flow system between subjects and an evaluation mechanism for intermediary agencies, as well as a balance mechanism between AI ethical supervision and innovative development.

Key words: Data governance, Algorithmic governance, Artificial intelligence, Algorithmic security, European Union, Digital sovereignty, Technological sovereignty